Nascar Auto Racing Organization - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1472 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Culture Essay Level High school Tags: Ethnographic Essay Did you like this example? Introduction: Tires screeching, engines roaring, through the streets they drive as fast as they can to deliver their cargo. All seems well and escape is clear..But then suddenly sirens can be heard blaring in the distance, its the law! Theyre in sight and within moments they hastily give chase! Its chaos! Bullets fly every which way, whizzing past the car! However, this driver knows what hes doing and he drifts around a corner, driving through an alley, and then down the street speeding away; leaving the coppers in the dust. His goal to deliver the liquid gold known simply as booze, would soon be complete. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Nascar Auto Racing Organization" essay for you Create order This is the origin of Nascar, a sport brought forth by the 18th amendment, born from prohibition. The bootleggers who supplied alcohol had to be good drivers, great drivers, the best drivers around otherwise theyd be caught or killed, the latter often following the former. They were highly skilled and knew where they drove better than almost anyone. These drivers dedicated their lives to their work, getting rich off of the restrictions put on alcohol. However, when prohibition ended so did their jobs. They needed something to do, a place they could use their skills, somewhere they had the freedom they did before! And so June 19, 1949 at the Charlotte Speedway in North Carolina, they held the first officially sanctioned Nascar race. I myself have never been interested in nascar, but a dear friend of mine Keian Hallmark adores it, or used to. I intend to gather information on and observe the sport to see for myself what its all about. And continuing on my friend, he loves to talk about his favorite drivers and he shares videos of success and failure. One thing he said that I feel shows his enthusiasm and equal lack thereof nowadays, is as such, Nascar is a strong motorsport that is disregarded way too often as rednecks turning left for hours. It has many positive and negative qualities, and where its at right now, the sport is a year away from a season where the sport will continue declining or will rise to its mid-2000s popularity. Despite this, I still like Nascar, and I want it to succeed. (Hallmark) Power Structure: Ive noticed that a fair amount of the enthusiasm comes directly from the announcers, ranging from the quirky and random such as, Boogity boogity boogity, lets go racing you hotdogs! from Darrell Waltrip (Fowler), to more serious commentary such as, Driving a race car is like dancing with a chainsaw., said by Cale Yarborough. Ive observed that the announcers in any given race generally incite excitement and enthusiasm within the crowd and tell people about things they cannot see. In an article, Dale Earnhardt said, We cant just rely on the race to do all the work, Its important for the production and us in the booth and everyone else to just kind of bring the fan into the experience and make them feel like theyre getting something unique (Earnhardt). This gives them an important within the subculture as they play a major part in the experience. The drivers as well hold this role, as I cant imagine the fans show up just to hear the announcers. Their performances play a key role in the overall tone of the crowd and if a race is terrible it often puts the fans in dissapointed or even booing mood. Now, amongst the drivers there is a crew chief whos job is to make strategic calls, track lap times, and make deals with other teams. Whether to follow the advice of the chief or not is purely left to the drivers discretion, but in response to asking how often drivers do as theyre recommended, I was given the answer, Most of the time, drivers listen to their crew chiefs, though there are exceptions, such as fuel mileage races, and a driver thinks they dont have enough fuel to go to the end and they pit. (Hallmark) ,suggesting they play a very strong role in that particular aspect of the power structure. My research and observation has shown the sport has a very strong, yet very strange, power structure. It seems to come full circle as the announcers and drivers manipulate the fans while the fans manipulate them. A good show ensures returning fans whereas a bad show risks them leaving. Fans leaving ensures a good show to bring them back and when they feel confident and have all the fans back the chances of a bad show seem to go up, causing more to leave again, to later return. Each individual structure can be isolated and viewed on its own, but its clear they all share an intimate bond seemingly unique to the motorsport. Traditions: Traditions in Nascar seem fairly simple. People like to eat staple foods such as burgers, hot dogs, pizza, and more while they watch their races. They wear clothing to support their favorite drivers including shirts that bear their names and often pictures of their cars, and hats that have their numbers. The fans are very dedicated to their tradition, and when Jessie Jones, the company that supplied the hotdogs, changed and someone else took over, there was an uproar. (Bernot) People demanded the previous company return and through their dedication the old company did. Finding other such examples has been difficult and interviews have failed to glean anything useful, so Im afraid that is all I have, though such emotion and effort over something as simple as hotdogs, I think what has been said has said enough. Language: Language in Nascar is mostly used by announcers and officials, taking the form of slang and signs. In fact, Ive observed that almost every cue in a race is a sign represented by different flags and symbols. One simple flag is the green flag, which indicates a clear road or that the race is tarting. Most often the green flag is replaced with a light to simplify things, turning on when its time for the race to start. (Flags) The yellow flag is another notable flag, advising caution if there happens to be debris on the road or if a crash is ahead. A similar flag is the red and yellow striped, which is essentially the yellow flag but suggests something is wrong with the road, examples including oil spills, coolant, or small pieces of debris/sand that would affect traction. (flags) Some slang terms taken directly from the official NASCAR website are as follow, Camber: The amount a tire is tilted in or out from vertical. Described in degrees, either positive or negative. (Staff report) Dirty air: Aerodynamic term for the turbulent air currents caused by fast-moving cars that can cause a particular car to lose control. (Staff report) Downforce: A combination of aerodynamic and centrifugal forces. The more downforce, the more grip a car has. But more downforce also means more drag, which can rob a race car of speed. (Staff report) This is only a portion of the list and each term has to do with an important aspect of the cars and the race itself. Knowing them can help you understand more about NASCAR. I learned this first-hand after watching a race, and then watching it again after I had studied some of the terms that I had heard before, but did not understand. Conclusion After researching and observing, as well as following the interview I was able to conduct, I can see how complex the NASCAR community truly is. From hardcore fans who could tell you almost exactly how a car is built, to casual viewers who just enjoy the races, you can find any kind of fan. Some people prefer to be at races in person while others view them over the television. But whoever they are, theyre all there for the same sport, to enjoy the same races, and most of all; To enjoy the same hotdogs. No exceptions when it comes to hotdogs. Works Cited Hallmark, Keian. Online interview. 19 oct. 2018 Report, Staff. Guide: 20 NASCAR-Related Terms You Need to Know. Official Site Of NASCAR, NASCAR.com, 6 Sept. 2018, www.nascar.com/news-media/2017/08/01/news-media/twenty-nascar-terms-you-need-to-know/. https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nascar/2018/07/14/earnhardt-to-headline-all-analyst-nascar-booth-for-nbc-at-nh/36866539/ Accessed on Oct 21 2018 Bernot, Kate. Whats the Deal with Nascar Hotdogs? thetakeout, 01 Mar, 2018, Onion, Inc., 2018 https://thetakeout.com/whats-the-deal-with-nascar-hot-dogs-1823427690 Accessed on Oct 21 2018 Flags. IndyCar.com, www.indycar.com/Fan-Info/INDYCAR-101/Understanding-The-Sport/Flags. https://www.indycar.com/Fan-Info/INDYCAR-101/Understanding-The-Sport/Flags Accessed on Oct 21 2018 Fowler, Scott. Where Did Darrell Waltrips Boogity, Boogity Catchphrase Come from? The Naked Truth. Charlotteobserver, Charlotte Observer, https://www.charlotteobserver.com/sports/spt-columns-blogs/scott-fowler/article152426074.html https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2017/08/01/news-media/twenty-nascar-terms-you-need-to-know/ Accessed on Oct 21 2018 Bullen, Vivien. What Is the History of Stock Car Racing? HowStuffWorks, HowStuffWorks, 29 Jan. 2009, https://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-racing/nascar/history/history-of-stock-car-racing1.htm

Judicial Review - 749 Words

Judicial Review: The power enables the judicial branch to act as a check on the other two branches of government. Jurisdiction: The power to speak the law. In Rem Jurisdiction: Court can exercise jurisdiction over property that is located within its boundaries. Bankruptcy Court: Only handles bankruptcy proceedings. Probate Courts: State courts that handle only matters relating to the transfer of a person’s assets and obligations after that person’s death. Federal Courts: Federal government is a government of limited power, the jurisdiction is limited. Federal Courts have subject-matter jurisdiction in two ways: 1.) Federal questions: Plaintiff’s cause of action is based, at least in part, on the U.S.†¦show more content†¦circuit of appeals 3.) The United States Supreme Court -The highest tier -All other courts in the federal system are known as â€Å"inferior† -Consists of 9 justices -Can review any case decided by the federal courts of appeals Writ of Certiorari: an order issued by the Court to a lower court requiring the latter to send it the record of the case for review. Rule of Four: The Court will not issue a writ unless at least four of the nine justices approve of it. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP): All civil trials held in federal district courts are governed by. Types of Attorney’s Fees: Fixed Fees: charged for the performance of such services as drafting a simple will. Hourly Fees: computed for matters that will involve an indeterminate period of time. Contingency Fees: Fixed percentages of a client’s recovery in certain types of lawsuits. Complaint: The complaint contains a statement alleging: 1.) The facts showing that the court has subject-matter and personal jurisdiction. 2.) The facts establishing the plaintiff’s basis for relief. 3.) The remedy the plaintiff is seeking. Service of Process: Formally notifying the defendant of a lawsuit. Summons: A notice requiring the defendant to appear in court and answer the complaint. Default judgment: Defendant failed to respond to the allegations. Pretrial Motions: Motion for judgment on the pleadings, and the motion forShow MoreRelatedJudicial Review2674 Words   |  11 Pagescontroversy of judicial review which at extreme points, is called judicial activism, is a concept new to India. Judicial review can be defined as the judiciary, in the exercise of its own independence, checking and cross checking the working of the other organs of the government, while trying to uphold the ideal of ‘the rule of law’. Judicial activism more reformist in character is often confused with judicial review. According to Black’s Law Dictionary, judicial activism is â€Å"a philosophy of judicial decision-makingRead MoreJudicial Review : The Constitution1168 Words   |  5 PagesJudicial Review is the power of courts to determine whether or not actions by the government are valid. The courts adjudicate the constitutionality of the governmental actions under review to ensure their validity. Under judicial review, the govern ment actions under consideration for validity are presidential orders and actions, as well as legislation by Congress. In other words, judicial review is a check on the executive and legislative branches of the government. Judicial review checks these governmentalRead MoreJudicial Review : The Supreme Court968 Words   |  4 PagesJudicial review is the idea that the actions of the executive and legislative branches of government are subject to review and possible invalidation by the judicial branch, most commonly the Supreme Court. It allows the Supreme Court to take an active role in ensuring that the other branches of government abide by the constitution, as they interpret the document. This process is paramount in protecting the validity of the Constitution as well as upholding the laws set forth by it as well. JudicialRead MoreJudicial Review And The Indian Courts2740 Words   |  11 PagesJUDICIAL REVIEW AND THE INDIAN COURTS Introduction Judicial Review is basically an aspect of judicial power of the state which is exercised by the courts to determine the validity of a rule of law or an action of any agency of the state. The courts have the power of testing the validity of legislative as well as other governmental action with reference to the provisions of the constitution. The judiciary tries to undo the harm that is being done by the legislature and executive and they also tryRead MoreJudicial Review and Judicial Supremacy: a Paradigm of Constitutionalism in Nigeria.15519 Words   |  63 PagesJUDICIAL REVIEW AND JUDICIAL SUPREMACY: A PARADIGM OF CONSTITUTIONALISM IN NIGERIA. By A.T.Shehu, PhD( ABSTRACT This paper examines judicial review and judicial power in Nigeria under the 1999 Constitution in relation to the constitution itself and in relation to the political branches of government. This is essentially to locate where lays supremacy between the branches and the judiciary particularly the Supreme Court with its final appellate jurisdiction. Judicial review and supremacy of theRead MoreJudicial Review : The United States1242 Words   |  5 Pagescase that they play a very big part in the public’s policy making. Judicial review is the primary role of the federal courts to discuss back and forth if a law is unconstitutional. Judicial review can also regulate the acts or behaviors that the Executive and Judicial carry out in legislation and the Courts may choose to declare those actions taken by the other branches or not those actions are unconstitutional or not. Judicial review is also the main source of power in the Supreme court s. It hasRead MoreJudicial Review And The Indian Courts1444 Words   |  6 PagesPolitical Science Essay Monsoon Semester 2014 Submitted by- Pradyumna Soni 214048 JUDICIAL REVIEW AND THE INDIAN COURTS Introduction Judicial Review is basically an aspect of judicial power of the state which is exercised by the courts to determine the validity of a rule of law or an action of any agency of the state. The courts have the power of testing the validity of legislative as well as other governmental action with reference to the provisions of the constitution. TheRead MoreJudicial Review : The United States813 Words   |  4 PagesThe judicial review is the convention concealed by the executive and legislative activities which are liable for the judiciary to look over. Particular courts that have judicial review authority must repeal the demonstrations of the state. This happens when it discovers them inconsistent with a higher power. Judicial review is a case of the detachment of forces in a present day administrative framework. This rule is translated diversely in distinctive wards, so the method and extent of judicial reviewRead MoreJudicial Review : An Intrinsic Necessity1312 Words   |  6 Pages Submissions to the High Court Regarding Judicial review is an intrinsic necessity to the Australian Government and is a critical aspect in enforcing accountability of both the legislative and executive branches. Essentially, the actions of constituent legislative and executive branches are subject to review, regardless of these governmental counterparts holding authority exceeding that of the judiciary. In fact, a number of provisions for judicial review are upheld by the Australian ConstitutionRead More The case against Judicial Review Essay892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Case Against Judicial Review In order to make a case against judicial review it is first important to understand the origins. Born in 1803 out of the landmark United States Supreme Court decision of Marbury V. Madison, judicial review gives the court the power to invalidate any law repugnant (or in conflict with) to the constitution. Judicial review has for the courts, become a self made license to strike down legitimately made legislation by democratically elected representatives

History And Formation Of Enron - 966 Words

History and Formation of Enron Enron was formed through the merger of Houston Natural Gas (HNG) of Houston, Texas and InterNorth of Omaha, Nebraska. HNG covered the Florida and California market, their pipelines running from east to west. InterNorth catered the Iowa and Minnesota market, their pipelines running from north to south. HNG was formed in 1920, providing gas to retail customers in Houston. The company sold its retail gas business in 1920 and ventured into the gas exploration and production business. In the year 1984, HNG had $3.7 billion in assets, over $2 billion in sales and booked profits of $123 million. In 1984, InterNorth had revenues of $7.5 billion. The reason behind the merger was that InterNorth faced the threat of a buyout by corporate raiders as it had low debt and high revenues. The conservative operations and low debt of InterNorth made it a target for corporate raiders who planned to use its cash reserves and borrowing capacity to extract funds for themselves. On the other hand, HNG had borrowed heavily to expand its pipelines in the Florida and California markets. Therefore, merging with Houston Natural Gas made perfect sense as it fended off corporate raiders. In May 1984, InterNorth acquired HNG for $2.4 billion, under the leadership of Sam Segnar who was the CEO of InterNorth at that time. The negotiations for HNG were handled by John Wing and he was able to negotiate a price for HNG shares which was 40% higher than the ongoing market price.Show MoreRelatedEnron Was An American Gas Company1480 Words   |  6 PagesWhen many people discuss Enron, they immediately associate it with one of the most scandalous accounting scams in history. Enron was an American gas company that arose as the Northern Natural Gas Company in 1931. Internorth was a holding company in headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, purchased the Northern Natural Gas Company and restructured it is 1979. Founder Kenneth Lay formed the company by merging the two companies and created Enron. Enron was f ounded in 1985, as one of the world s leadingRead More1 What Problems Did Enron EncounteredMany1303 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ 1. What problems did Enron encountered? Many went sour in the early months of 2001 as Enron’s stock price and debt rating imploded because of loss of investor and creditor trust Methods the company used to disclose (or creatively obscure) it’s complicated financial dealings were erroneous and, in the view of some, downright deceptive The company’s lack of transparency in reporting its financial affairs, followed by financial restatements disclosing billions of dollars of omitted liabilities andRead MoreThe Smartest Guys Of The Room, Or The Most Unethical?1723 Words   |  7 Pagesbe for an organizational formation or individual, there is always a cost. After a number of scandals from ethical misconduct within Enron, the proper course of action was once questionable, but now revealed. Nevertheless, organizations continue to struggle with moral decision-making on a daily basis as they consider the cost of making such decisions. 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Fergusson said that employees of Enron would tell lies and act like they were even selling broadband width in order to inflate numbers and show a profit where there was not a profit. There is also speculation that Enron was behind the California fires in the early 2000s in order to raise energy prices in hopes if getting Enron our of the financial hole that they dug themselves into. This was the beginning of distrust into majorRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Enron2970 Words   |  12 PagesThe Leadership of Kenneth Lay 5 Contributing Factors for Enron’s Debacle 7 Power Abuse 7 Fraudulent Accounting Practices 7 Employees and Board members 8 Investors Grief 9 Auditors and external regulatory agency 9 Conclusion 9 The debacle of Enron, led not only the company to bankruptcy but also its employees and shareholders. Unethical leadership and vested interests played a significant role in its imminent failure. 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However, by 2001 it became clear that Enron’s astronomical growth and sustained profitability was built upon fraudulent grounds. The company was stashing debt but continued to report profits. Employees were taking huge risk and gambling exo rbitant amounts and many were outright stealingRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20022137 Words   |  9 PagesCorporations around the world have exhibited ethical business practices. However, some corporations gave into unethical business practices such as fraud, dishonesty, and scams. One particular dishonest act that remained common amongst companies such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco was the fabrication of financial statements. These companies were reporting false information on their financial statements so that it would appear that the companies were making profits. However, those companies were actually losingRead MoreEnrons Questionable Transactions And Arthur Andersens Troubles2175 Words   |  9 PagesCourse Project: Enron s Questionable Transactions and Arthur Andersen s Troubles Enron and â€Å"Arthur Anderson LLP (AA)† both started out as reputable companies, but in the end both became unethical (Brooks Dunn, 2015, p. 98). Many experts believe this was due to a paradigm shift in their â€Å"corporate cultures† (Brooks Dunn, 2015, p. 1-608). This shift in employee behavior can be observed from the many questionable strategies that Enron carried out with the enablement of AA. Therefore, this paper

Analysis Of James Joyce s Araby - 1246 Words

Marshall DeCosta Professor Matta COMP-LIT 121 16 October 2014 Araby – James Joyce – Critical Analysis - Revision The visual and emblematic details established throughout the story are highly concentrated, with Araby culminating, largely, in the epiphany of the young unnamed narrator. To Joyce, an epiphany occurs at the instant when the spirit and essence of a character is revealed, when all the forces that endure and influence his life converge, and when we can, in that moment, comprehend and appreciate him. As follows, Araby is a story of an epiphany that is centered on a principal deception or failure, a fundamental imperfection that results in an ultimate realization of life, spirit, and disillusionment. The significance is exposed in the boy’s intellectual and emotional journey from first love to first dejection, with the discrepancy in life between the real and the ideal facilitating his inexorable misery and understanding. The story opens with a description of North Richmond Street, a â€Å"silent† and â€Å"blind† street whose inhabitants are smugly complacent. The f eatureless exterior of the houses reflect the same gratuitously self-satisfied attitudes of these occupants (Joyce). It is a street of fixed, decaying conformity and false devotion. A priest, the former tenant of the boy’s home, died in the back room of the house, leaving behind only old yellowed books and a bicycle pump rusting in the backyard. The deteriorating conditions of both the books and the pump serve asShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby846 Words   |  4 Pagesup so high. In James Joyce’s short story â€Å"Araby† he uses the voice of a young boy as a narrator and describes his childhood growing up in Dublin. Joyce concentrates on description of character’s feeling rather than on plot to reveal the ironies inherent in self-deception. The story focuses on the disappointment, and enlightenment of the young boy and the gap between ideality and reality which I believe it is a retrospective of Joyce’s look back at life. On the simplest level, â€Å"Araby† is a story aboutRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby 1336 Words   |  6 Pagesand derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger.† Araby is a short story centering on an Irish adolescence boy emerging from boyhood fanaticizing into the harsh realities of everyday life in his country. It undergoes through the phases of self-discovery through a coming of age. It takes place in Dublin in 1894 when it was under British rule. The boy in the story is strongly correlated with the author James Joyce. Young Goodman Brown was another story in which the ending results onRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby 945 Words   |  4 PagesJames Joyce portrays fanciful mental images from a young boy’s perspective, through his story of Araby. A young boy has a friend name Mangan that lives across the street in which he began to watch Mangan’s sister through the windows and he starts to develop feelings for her that lead him to go to the Araby Bazaar. These feelings start to give the young boy assumptions about Mangan’s sister from the way she makes him feel leading to having these idealized characteristics about her. The emotions makeRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby 1437 Words   |  6 Pagesthat is nowadays recognized as the modernism which argues that life’s existence is subjective, people are not rational in thinking reality is built through personal experience. One of these writers was James Joyce, who was from a lower middle class in Dublin, Ireland. In his little story â€Å"Araby† Joyce shows us that at the time period that reality is built through personal experiences because life is what we make of it. He goes along to argue that how life is perceived is viewed differently throughRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby955 Words   |  4 PagesIn James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† a nameless boy who is infatuated with the sister of his friend, Mangan reveals his vain wishes and expectations as he tries to impress her buy purchasing a romantic gift. The unbearable crush that he has, lures him on a journey to a Dublin bazaar called Araby, to purchase the gift, but encounters obstacles that later on gives him a change of heart. Instead of realizing that he does not need gifts to express his love for her, he gives up instead. As optimistic as he was aboutRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby 994 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story Araby, James Joyce provides the audience with a glimpse if 19th century Ireland seen through the eyes of an adolescent young man. It is this adolescence and the navies of the world that is under attack. Joyce masterfully reveals an innocence held by Araby by contrasting it with a setting filled with symbology that eludes to the hopeless reality in which he lives. Joyce injects a sense of unrealized bleakness for the protagonist by the imagery that he puts forth. â€Å"North RichmondRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Araby Essay2018 Words   |  9 PagesJames Joyce was an Irish novelist and poet in the early 20th century. Joyce was the writer of â€Å"Araby†. A stoty published in 1914, in which the writer preserves an episode of his life, more specific when he a young twelve years old boy. But was does the word â€Å"Araby† means? According to diccionaty.com, â€Å"Araby† is an archaic or poetic name for Arabia. In addition, the story is about a boy who falls in love with a woman, she is the sister of one of the boy’s classmates. The name of the woman is neverRead MoreComparative Analysis Of Epiphany, From James Joyce s Araby And The Dead1758 Words   |  8 PagesComparative Analysis of Epiphany, from James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† and â€Å"The Dead† James Joyce elaborately portrays the complexity of the human male psyche through his protagonists in â€Å"Araby† and â€Å"The Dead.† Through the use of first person perspective, each protagonists’ true motivations and perceptions of reality are betrayed by Joyce, therefore allowing the reader to fully understand the fallacies and complexities within each character. Through the depictions of such complexities, Joyce is able to leverageRead More The Decline of Chivalry Explored in Araby and AP Essay1211 Words   |  5 Pagesuseful motive to win hearts of women for centuries. However, as society constantly changes, the effectiveness of these chivalrous acts has diminished. In James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† and John Updike’s â€Å"AP†, this theory is explored, both telling the story of a boy whose efforts to impress the girl of their desires fail. As said by Well’s in his critical analysis of these stories, â€Å"Both the protagon ists have come to realize that romantic gestures—in fact, that the whole chivalric view [sic] --- are, in modernRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Dubliners1668 Words   |  7 PagesDubliners, by James Joyce is an outstanding example of how the use of point of view influences how characters and events are interpreted. Joyce writes the first three stories of Dubliners in the first person point of view, the rest are told in there person. Taking a look at a few of the short stories , Araby, Eveline, and Clay, it is obvious that Joyce s choice of narration as well as the complexity of how he carries out those narrations plays a significant role in the analysis of his work.

Preparing to Conduct Business Research Free Essays

On September 12, 2012 the New York City Health Department voted eight-zero with one vote abstaining, to enact a city wide ban on sugar-sweetened beverages in containers over 16ounce in size (Susman, 2012). At the urging of New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg the health department is hoping that this ban will have an impact on the growing obesity problem among New York citizens (Susman, 2012). Opposition to the ban was evident before the final vote by citizens believing violations of his or her freedom are occurring and vendors who see the choices in what he or she serve the customers under dictation from city hall. We will write a custom essay sample on Preparing to Conduct Business Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now Perhaps the group with the most to lose is the beverage industry; the ban limits servings of sugar sweetened drinks to 16 ounces or less in the city’s 24,000 restaurants, delis, movie theaters, sports venues, and street carts (Petrecca, 2012). This means no 20-ounce bottles, no super-sized drinks, no monster drinks at the movie theater, the fact is most of these establishments consider a 16-ounce beverage a small or medium drink (Petrecca, 2012). So smaller drinks mean smaller profits; however, it may be possible that this is not the case. The ban does not limit the number of 16-ounce drinks a person may purchase; the possibility for additional sales does exist (Petrecca, 2012). Because only restaurants offer free refills, it is possible that the smaller size drinks will result in greater quantities of sales at the other locations. Business Research The CEO of the Coca Cola Company is communicating with Learning Team A, hiring Learning Team A to research potential issues and opportunities resulting from the ban on containers over the limit of 16 ounces of sugar sweetened beverages in the city of New York. Coca Cola is showing interest in learning what the consumer thinks of the ban; how the customers believe it will affect his or her recreational and dining experiences. Coca Cola is not only showing interest in this information as it pertains to New York City but also because the interest this ban is attracting from other large cities and what it would mean to the company if this became common practice in other locations (Koebler, 2012). Hypotheses Team A offers several hypotheses to the ban and the effects it will have on the citizens, vendors, and distributors of sugar sweetened beverages: ? Team A hypothesizes that the ban on sugar sweetened beverages will cause a decrease in beverage sales that contain sugar, costing the Coca Cola company millions of dollars in sales. ? Team A hypothesizes that the ban on sugar sweetened beverages larger than 16 ounces will cause consumers to purchase multiple quantities of beverages in replacement of what they use to purchase. Also the sale of sugar free beverages will rise; this will cause an increase in revenue for the Coca Cola Company. Team A hypothesizes that the public will be unreceptive to the ban and believes that the government body responsible for it has overstepped their bounds. The public will think that the removal of this choice goes against the constitutional rights every person has and that he or she will attempt to find a way around the ban. ? Team A hypothesizes that although there will be citizens upset in regard to the ban, the citizens will embrace the law proving a measurable difference on the obesity problem in New York City. Variables to Consider and Questions to Ask In an effort to offer to the Coca Cola Company the most complete information, the best recommendations, and a reliable foundation on which to base future changes it is necessary to research as many variables as possible. Variable questions to include in the research include: 1) â€Å"The various age groups of the consumers, and their drink preferences. † 2) â€Å"How the vendors plan on handling this new rule and will the vendor adjust the prices, add free-refills, implement buy one get one programs, and add additional drink dispensers to accommodate customers. ) â€Å"How these bans encourage customers to leave the city limits and visit establishments in the suburbs? † 4) â€Å"How the consumer understands the reasoning behind the ban and the obesity issue with the removal of beverage choice? † 5) â€Å"Coca Cola currently holding a 70% market share in New York; this is a significant margin over the competition (Petrecca, 2012). It is important to research if the customer loyalty level will hold up to â€Å"deals† by the competition and how aggressive Coca Cola is going have to be with marketing and pricing. 6) â€Å"Is Coca Cola willing to embrace this ban, explore ways to market their diet products and fruit juices as an alternate to the sugar sweetened beverages? † Ethical Considerations Ethics play a critical role in conducting research projects (Donald R. Cooper, 2011). It is critical to examine how the results of the research issue breach the rights of the citizens. In the case of the New York City law that limits the sales of sugar sweetened drinks there are several ethical questions that arise. The strongest being, â€Å"how will this state law infringe on an individual’s rights to choose the size of their desired beverage? † The motivation behind the law is the unhealthy factors of sugary drinks, targeting one unhealthy option. Supporters of the law believe that this law will help prevent obesity; however, opposition believes it is unfair to place the weight of this issue on one product. Also at question â€Å"Is it ethical to restrict a consumer’s right to choose what he or she wants to drink? Along with sugar sweetened beverages there are other unhealthy products available that have proven effects on weight with no restrictions. Vendors and beverage makes can argue that the law shows bias and is discriminatory. This leads to another ethical issue; does the law give preference or competitive vendor advantage over consumer’s advantage. A consumer, who may wish to purchase a larger drink, may find the need to purchase multiple drinks, thereby increasing the sales of the company but yet not eliminating the risk of obesity. Also under consideration is the ethical question, â€Å"does the beverage company have a responsibility to their customers to reduce the chance of obesity, knowing that these beverages offer empty calories with no nutritional value? † Conclusion Moving into the future it is important to understand what difficulties a company will be facing. Knowledge from research projects provide companies the possibility to develop contingency plans and reduce the chance that the unknown will alter the course of a successful business plan. Earlier this month the New York City Health Department passed a law that has altered the way beverage makers and vendors conduct their business and altering the freedom consumers have in choosing something as simple as the beverage he or she drinks. The Coca Cola Company is looking to go forward armed with the knowledge they will need to maintain their superiority in the New York Market. This task has fallen on Learning Team A, as they will research and discover what the market and consumers will demand to remain customers of Coca Cola. How to cite Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Essays

Behavior Modification Techniques for Professionals- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBehavior Modification Techniques for Health Professionals. Answer: Introduction: Mental health disorders can be of different types depending on the condition of the patient. Substance abuse is alter intricately related to mental health disorder as it compel the addict to repeat the habit in spite of knowing the associated health risks. This kind of treatment for mental disorder can be treated by using behavioral modification techniques (Bricker et al., 2013). This kind of therapy is focused on changing the bad habit for obtaining better patient outcome. The aim of this essay to utilize the Trans-theoretical Model of change or Stages of Change Model in applied behavioral therapy (Barkway, 2013). The components of motivational interviewing, is identified in this essay in relation to the case study provided to alter the behavioral aspects that might potentially harm the patient. The case study is about a 35-year-old male named Ying, who has taken an appointment to quit his smoking habit. Ying has been smoking a full packet of cigarette for the past ten years and has decided to change as he thinks that his smoking is causing him health problems. Discussion: There are various models for behavior therapy like, cognitive behavior therapy, cognitive behavioral play therapy, system desensitization therapy, aversion therapy et cetera. A newer approach to the change of behavior therapy is the Integrative theory of therapy. It is a form of psychotherapy, that involves assistance of various psychotherapy models, which affects the cognition, behavior and psychological change of the person. A form of this kind of therapy can be utilized for Ying, which is Trans-theoretical Model for therapy or Stages of cycle therapy. The idea of this therapy is based on the fact that the patient is taking initiative to make a change in their behavior and seeks therapeutic assistance from a caregiver (Barkway, 2013). Trans-theoretical model This kind of psychotherapeutic model is the most commonly utilized practice model to treat behavior alteration. The process of changing is seen to occur in six stages. It has to be kept in mind that the relapse of the patient can occur at any stage of the therapy. This form of models helps practitioners and nurses assess each step, provide relevant strategy, and plan interventions to gain better patient outcome. The steps are described as follows:- Fig 1: Trans-theoretical model Source: Australian Catholic University Pre-contemplation (no intention of change): In this stage, the patient has not yet decided to make the behavioral change. This can happen since due to lack of confidence on the patients part and self-doubt regarding his or her own will power (Prochaska, 2013). Contemplation (intention to change): This is the stage, where the realization of the patient occurs due certain incident or epiphany. Preparation: In this stage, the person has already accomplished the realization, is preparing to make a change of habit and developed a plan of habit. Action (making changes): In this stage, the person initiates certain changes and acts to alter previous behavior. Maintenance: In this stage, the patient shows actions to maintain the decision to alter the behavior. This attempt requires strong will power and practice to subdue the control of cognitive abilities. Relapse: This stage may or may not happen throughout the cycle. The occurrence of this stage can appear in any other stages of the cycle or during interventional therapy (if taken). In case of the case study provided the patient, Ying, had already gone through the initial three stages, which are pre-contemplation, contemplation and preparation. He decided to reach out to seek psychotherapeutic help, which shows that the patient is at the fourth stage of the trans-theoretical model, which is action. The duty as a therapist is to apply the techniques of behavioral alteration therapy. The model chosen to evaluate the patient condition and provide relevant support is Motivational interviewing. This is the best form of psychotherapy to treat patient with substance abuse like drugs, alcohol, smoking et cetera. Motivational Interviewing It is the duty of the practitioner, to provide the patient with proper support, express their concern regarding the patients current condition and decide on a care plan to improve the behavior as well as present arguments that will help changing the patients cognitive habit (Rollnick Miller, 2008). The concept of MI was developed by Miller and Rollnick for treating substance abusers, which is now utilized to treat various other mental illness (Rollnick Miller, 2008). The evolution of the concept if MI has occurred from person-centered therapeutic approach of psychotherapy. The objective of the therapy is to provide encouragement to the patient to process about the initiation of requirement for altered habit or behavior and proceed to take actions for making the alteration. The support is focused on helping the patient understand and explore the set beliefs as well as values, which are held for the betterment of behavior alteration. In the given case study, Ying needs to be supported and provided a care plan, which will be more focused on him. Taking into consideration, Yings age he needs to quit smoking in order to reduce the risk of respiratory and cardiac diseases (Sarbandi, 2013). Components of MI Giving Advice: Practitioner, should provide Ying with proper advice, relevant to his smoking habits. Removing barriers: It is important that the practitioner takes necessary measures to reduce the communication barrier with Ying so as to provide, a safe and comfortable environment for him to confide in. The practitioner can use open-ended questions which will improve the interpersonal communication (Stein-Parbury, 2013). Providing choice: The practitioner must ensure that Ying is given a choice of making the better decision for himself. Decreasing desirability: The practitioner has to ensure that Yings temptation to revert to his old habit, is minimized to ensure effective therapy outcome. Practicing empathy: The practitioner is expected to show empathy towards Yings situation as the goal of the model is patient centered therapy. Providing feedback: It is essential that the practitioner express their feedback and concern regarding Ying to make him feel included. Clarifying goals: It is the duty of the practitioner to provide proper clarification for the care goals for Ying and include him in the decision making process. The practitioner can summarize the goal and discussion effectively to engage Yings attention. Active helping: The practitioner must actively participate in the process of change cycle and show interest in Yings initiatives. Five principles of MI to create conditions for change: Express empathy: It is essential that thee practitioner has the skills to listen actively to the reflections made by Ying. It is acceptable to have ambivalent feelings, which can be mutually sorted. Reflective listening will help the practitioner assert the statements made by Ying. Develop Discrepancy: It is expected of Ying to present his arguments if he does not feel comfortable at any stage of the therapy. This kind of behavior should be encouraged by the practitioner to let Ying decide what is good for himself (Lundahl et al., 2013). Avoid argumentation: The practitioner should make sure that any discrepancy should not lead to arguments as that might increase the chance in Ying to resist the therapy. Roll with resistance: If, the practitioner faces any resistance from Ying, when the therapy becomes difficult for him to handle in the maintenance stages of this behavior alteration, the practitioner should implement strategies to minimize and reduce the objections. Support self-efficacy: It is normal that Ying will feel demotivated in the later progressive stages of the therapy but the practitioner must believe in Ying and show that his ability to change is present, which will ultimately act as a motivator to improve his behavior alteration process. Affirmation of the actions and initiatives will also encourage Ying to improve. Challenges in Motivational Interviewing: The main challenge of MI is resistance on the patients behalf, when he or she faces difficulty to change their behavior. Verbal and non-verbal: This is first and obvious form of resistance from the patients behalf where the patient is verbally expressing his or her discrepancy against the therapeutic approach (Harakas, 2013). Sometimes the patient undertakes non-verbal resistance where they show behavioral, facial or signs which reflect that the patient is challenging the therapists decision. This form of resistance in commonly seen in interpersonal communication sessions of therapy (Stein-Parbury, 2013). This appearance of resistance is observed when the health outcome is not met according to the expectation of the patient, which gives rise to personal dissatisfaction. These factors are dependent on the practitioners own approach to therapy how he or she decides to deal with resistance. In this context the story of Sandy Jeffs, a woman who struggled with schizophrenia for 23 years overcame her illness by unleashing her literary creativity and publishing books on her experience. My minds eye too vivid or too clouded either too many butterflies in it or do I only have a half- mind to do anything, Im head over heels with a screw loose but cheer up because every mad clown has a sane lining or does every sane cloud have a mad lining, the mad boggles... References: Barkway, P. (2013).Psychology for health professionals. Elsevier Health Sciences. Bricker, J., Wyszynski, C., Comstock, B., Heffner, J. L. (2013). Pilot randomized controlled trial of web-based acceptance and commitment therapy for smoking cessation.Nicotine Tobacco Research,15(10), 1756-1764.https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntt056 Harakas, P. (2013). Resistance, motivational interviewing, and executive coaching.Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research,65(2), 108. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0033196 Lundahl, B., Moleni, T., Burke, B. L., Butters, R., Tollefson, D., Butler, C., Rollnick, S. (2013). Motivational interviewing in medical care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Patient education and counseling,93(2), 157-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.07.012 Prochaska, J. O. (2013). Transtheoretical model of behavior change. InEncyclopedia of behavioral medicine(pp. 1997-2000). Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_70 Rollnick, S., Miller, W. R., Butler, C. C., Aloia, M. S. (2008). Motivational interviewing in health care: helping patients change behavior. Sarbandi, F., Niknami, S., Hidarnia, A., Hajizadeh, E., Montazeri, A. (2013). The transtheoretical model (TTM) questionnaire for smoking cessation: psychometric properties of the Iranian version.BMC public health,13(1), 1186.https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-1186 Stein-Parbury, J. (2013).Patient and person: Interpersonal skills in nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences.